Political Correctness In The Classroom Essay - 502 Words

Political Correctness In The Classroom Schools in Canada have recently become the battleground for the fight over how much political correctness should be allowed to infiltrate grade school classrooms. One can take two sides when dealing with such issues as violent toys, â€Å"good clean fun†, the benefits and disadvantages of political correctness. There is much controversy about violent toys which are far from being considered politically correct. The toys that enter many grade school classrooms throughout the country may also seem offensive to people who try to be as politically correct as possible. I can remember an incident involving myself, a water gun and a teacher back in grade four. What had happened was that I pondered onto school†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Political correctness is a good thing for kids to learn. I think that being politically correct is just being polite and considerate for the feelings of others. I encourage parents and teachers to teach children about the fairness and equality that political correctness implies. However If teachers and parents allow political correctness to dictate the educational process, schools will no longer work toward educating, but instead will shift their focus towards altering the attitudes and minds of students. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Its not always beneficial for a teacher to over-emphasize political correctness in the classroom because it limits the students ability to learn. Its not right to isolate children from the books, toys, and games that let them learn and have fun for the sake of being considered politically correct. Nearly all of us grew up and experienced political incorrectness; with dolls such as Barbie, fairy tales such as Little Red Riding Hood or Cinderella, toy guns and cartoons. This is especially evident since the vast majority of adults grew up to be decent human beings who can form their own opinions. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In our multicultural, racially diverse, opinionated nation we, as teachers, parents and students need to adjust the grade school curriculum in order to keep up with the changes that are taking place every day. Main goal for the educators and teachers it to challenge students to think,Show MoreRelatedThe Use Of Trigger Warnings And Safe Spaces On College Campuses1655 Words   |  7 Pagesappropriate. After my first semester in college, I was left with a new and exciting learning experience. I engaged in discussions on controversial topics and was exposed to various reading and media material which opened me up to new perspectives. In classrooms, questions about politics, abuse, drugs, death, relationships, religion, and ethics were discussed without restrictions. I enjoyed this learning experience on the most part due to the professors announcing the topics to be discussed the first dayRead MoreA Nation Of Laws Must Rely On Law Enforcement1329 Words   |  6 Pagesour civil freedoms. Throughout the paper I will discuss why as a nation of laws we must rely on law enforcement agencies to enforce our laws through the use of â€Å"political correctness†, even if it restricts society. As it turns out, rules and laws have been enforced for thousands of years in some format or another. According to the classroom textbook, â€Å"Experience Criminal Justice† by Nicole Hendrix, in chapter two on page thirty-eight, â€Å"the origins of law likely date from before the beginning of recordedRead MoreEssay On Breaking The Authority Of Knowledge1615 Words   |  7 PagesBreaking the authority of knowledge I sighed comfortably seeing the standard lecture setting in ENGI120 classroom with forty to fifty white chairs and tables facing front and PowerPoint of blue background and white characters projected on the screen: it looked just like the classes I had in Chinese high school. I confidently sat in the front row, laid my notebook on the desk, turned to a new page and wrote in the first line: â€Å"August 26th, 2017, ENGI120 first class†. Sitting on the chair with my backRead MoreInfringement Upon The Right Of Free Speech1356 Words   |  6 Pageswere banned from engaging in political discussion on campus or endorsing a candidate by wearing shirts, pins, etc. â€Å"The students and faculty were notified of this speech code by an email from the University’s Ethic Office In the fall of 2008, all employees of the University of Illinois system, including faculty members and graduate students, were notified by the University Ethics Office that they were prohibited under a sta te law from engaging in certain prohibited political activity†.(Kissel). FortunatelyRead MoreThe Impact Of Trigger Warnings On University Campuses And Schools923 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents to a subject they might not necessarily be comfortable with unless given proper forewarning and that this is not a new phenomenon. Theses perspectives, although different, discuss how political correctness; in form of censorship derived from trigger warnings, can lead to changes in curriculum and classroom activity that in turn effect the student s population s psyche. Hanlon discusses in his essay the relative impact of trigger warnings on campus by putting it side by side with academic andRead MoreGetting a College Education, The Difficulties and Importance611 Words   |  2 Pagesfoot into a classroom is far from attainable. Why is it that so many people have such poor chances of getting into college? Why is a bachelor’s degree so hard to attain while it remains so necessary to get a decent job? Newfield answers many of these questions in the first few chapters of his text, Unmaking the Public University. Several examples that he mentions in his book are similar to my own college experience. In chapter 2, Newfield discusses the idea of political correctness. One of my veryRead MoreAnalysis Of Jeannie Suk s Article For The New Yorker943 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessors have to be careful of the words they use in their lectures. People have to think twice before saying anything for fear that they are faced with charges of aggression or insensitivity. While the press looks at this as a rebirth of political correctness which sought to restrict hate speech amongst the marginalized groups to encourage inclusivity, others argue it’s more concerned with emotional well-being of the students and that it seeks to protect students from mental harm that can be causedRead MoreBanned From School Curriculum By Robert Hirst1285 Words   |  6 Pagescensoring Huckleberry Finn over its use of language would be a horrendous action to even consider, due to the fact that society as a whole needs to move on from â€Å"political correctness†, and instead focus on the more important issues that currently plague society. According to those who are against having Huckleberry Finn in the classroom, the book is extremely offensive and children should not be exposed to any sort of offensive material, regardless if it provides a teaching moment. They claim thatRead MoreAn Analysis Of Parker J. Palmer1975 Words   |  8 Pagescan impart his knowledge on students, to deepen the understanding of one’s own integrity, experimentation is key. Chapter two discusses the subject of fear as it relates to students and teaching. It talks about fears that may hold one back in the classroom such as fear of embarrassment or fear of bad marks, things that can lead to students who were born with the love of learning grow to hate the idea of school. It also talks about potentially positive fears such as the fear of being a bad teacher showingRead More Communication Encourages Learning Essay2250 Words   |  9 PagesCommunication Encourages Learning The classroom needs to be an open forum in which students and teachers are allowed and encouraged to share opinions and experiences. When this communication breaks down the learning environment also fails. I remember being in the first grade and one of the students in our class was trying to say something to the teacher. Obviously this was not a real stimulating conversation as we were only in the first grade. When the student started talking the teacher became

The Cost Of Fossil Fuels - 1147 Words

Energy Policy Sheldon Fogle Telescope to Microscope April 22, 2015 Global Crisis Our species as a whole is very successful in many advancements such as technology, in society all together, and just overall in life but, currently we are failing our environment. Since our world is an immense place that consumes so much energy our demand is high. The ultimate goal is to no longer rely on nonrenewable energy sources, which we so strongly rely on today. Baby Steps are being taken but it is not enough. Advantages/ Disadvantages of Fossil fuels There are many advantages of fossil fuels. For one, it is highly efficient. Fossil fuels have a high calorific value and produce an abundance of energy. Also, Fossil fuels†¦show more content†¦Regarding total energy demand, the share of fossil-fuel derived energy is around 80%. The remainder is supplied by nuclear and renewable energy of around 20% (Rahim, M., Yoshino, J., Yasuda, T. (2012, September 1). Each energy source has their own disadvantages. The largest disadvantage is the nuclear energy source. This is potentially the most dangerous since it needs to have constant monitoring, and is very harmful to life. Another disadvantages of the most alternative energy sources are that they are not as efficient as fossil fuels and they could never satisfy our needs. Environmental, Political, and Economic Impact It’s no secret that money runs the world, everything has a significant value behind it. Each energy alternative is expensive and on a global level it can disrupt things that we need more. There is also a great deal of money left to be made in the oil industry. Once the policy is put in place the economy would maybe take a small hit because each energy source is expensive. The economy would eventually grow in future years while the earth is becoming more of a healthy place to live. These energy sources will be able to create jobs from building the wind farms and turbines to building nuclear power plants. Policy Implementation This Policy would combine the renewable resources this abundant earth has to offer to solve our energy crisis. My policy plan would to gradually move towards the renewableShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Rising Cost of Fossil Fuels1576 Words   |  7 Pagesuse of burning fossil fuels. Americans are also looking for new ways to save move. Over the past 30 years, rising cost of fuel as forced many people to reconsider current and future financial plans. What type of vehicle to drive, possible carpooling plans, even acceptance of new jobs based on the logistics of their current home and as well as the finding of a new home based on current employment. With these factors in mind, Americans are now looking for alternatives to fossil fuels to save both theRead MoreWith the increasing costs, both financial and ecological, of fossil fuels, fuel efficiency in1300 Words   |  6 PagesWith the increasing costs, both financial and ecological, of fossil fuels, fuel efficiency in vehicles has be come an increasingly important factor. Vehicle manufacturers and designers are exploring alternative fuels, with electric, hybrid and hydrogen-powered vehicles being looked at as viable alternatives. Solar power has been somewhat overlooked but has the ability to become widely used because it is both clean and economical. The advantages over fossil fuels are obvious: Solar power is renewableRead MoreHow Can The United States Lessen Its Dependence On Fossil Fuels?1302 Words   |  6 PagesHow can the United States lessen its dependence on fossil fuels? Joan Milton Western Governor’s University How can the United States lessen its dependence on fossil fuels? Introduction The U.S obtains more than 84% of its energy from fossil fuels including oil, coal and natural gas. This is because people rely on it to heat their homes, power industries, run vehicles, manufacturing, and provision of electricity. It is apparent that the country’s transportation industry highly depends onRead MoreAlternative Energy Can Effectively Replace Fossil Fuels1227 Words   |  5 Pages Alternative Energy Can Effectively Replace Fossil Fuels In the U.S. alone, carbon dioxide emission levels have risen thirty percent since 2005. If the emissions continue to rise at this pace, the temperature of the Earth may rise by at most, thirteen degrees. Temperatures rising to that height could cause chaos across the world. With more and more people burning fossil fuels every day, this unfortunate future is likely to occur. Fortunately, using pollution free alternative energy could alterRead MoreFossil Fuels And Their Impact On The Environment862 Words   |  4 PagesFossil Fuels and Their Impact on the Environment The amount of fossil fuels being deposited into the air should be controlled. Not only do fossil fuels pose a threat to the environment, but also to human health. The problem is not only noticeable in the depletion of human health, but also in the air, water, and land. Emissions are a concerning contribution to other problems such as global warming and greenhouse gases as well. One of the major factors of fossil fuels are vehicles. VehiclesRead MoreFossil Fuels Are Bad For Our Environment889 Words   |  4 Pages Fossil fuels are bad for our environment, and in a economy that is struggling, there is no point in pouring billions of dollars a year into an energy source that is killing our other resources. This kind of spending and reckless destruction of our environment will eventually have to stop. The question is, when it does what will we do? There are many other forms of alternative energy that are accessible to us right now. These energy sources will eventually have to be used in the place of burningRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On Fossil Fuels1431 Words   |  6 Pagesatmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.† (Google Dictionary). Due to our dependence on fossil fuels as our main source for energy and our carbon dioxide emissions over decades, climate change has rapidly emerged on Earth. Yet, we still have those who deny any scientific evidence of the effect of the dependence on fossil fuels. Climate change is a threat one should not ignore but want to reverse with the transition from fossil fuels to clean energy. An issue, which one should considerRead MoreThe Importance Of Obesity1408 Words   |  6 Pagescategories: direct medical costs, human capital costs, productivity costs and transportation costs. This essay will focus on the transportation costs from an economic point of view. The laws of physics state that a heavier load requires more energy to travel the same distance as a lighter one. Since obese people have a higher body weight than average, their transportation in larger vehicles requires more fuel which imposes not only direct monetary costs, but also indirect costs in the form of pollutionRead MoreThe worlds fossil fuels are running out. With the average amount of time it takes for coal to form1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe worlds fossil fuels are running out. With the average amount of time it takes for coal to form being 300 billion years, the earth can only renew them so fast. Fossil fuels, like coal and oil take the earth billions of years to reproduce so an effective alternate energy source must be explored. Fossil fuels or crude oil has been around for a long time and can be refined to form a number of products such as gas, gasoline, kerosene, gas oil or diesel. We are also running out of oil which is alsoRead MoreNuclear Energy : Nuclear Powe r1251 Words   |  6 Pagesenergy so we are sticking to nuclear fission. Nuclear power a controversial issue because of accidents in previous years and the amount it costs to build advanced reactors. These accidents still have lasting effects that we as a country are working to fix. However I believe the most promising form of energy is nuclear power. Between nuclear power and fossil fuels, nuclear power is the safest, most environmentally friendly and will meet our country s energy demands in the future. The arguments I will

World war Free Essays

Such question can be increasingly heard from radio speakers and be read on the pages of political magazines. Such assumptions relate primarily to the war in Syria and the Ukrainian tense political situation in which experts see a possible cause for conflict of interests of other countries that may lead too new world war. Since March 2011, unrest In Syria have not cease and managed to develop Into a fierce religious war and, according to some, has already claimed the lives of about 93 thousand people. We will write a custom essay sample on World war or any similar topic only for you Order Now If recently the war In Syria might seem an Internal conflict, now the Ukrainian crisis can be drawn Into a bloody fight between major world powers. Now there are more and more of assumption that the Russian Invasion In Ukraine could be the beginning of World War Ill, which nuclear weapons may be used. At the moment, the U. S. Is the most interested side of fueling the conflict in Syria. They have long been eyeing Ukraine, and the Russia invasion in the Ukrainian South- East region, which occurred this spring in Lagans and Donates, gave the U. S. A legitimate reason to intervene in the conflict. Without presenting any formal evidence, the U. S. Laid the blame for the violence on the east border of Ukraine on the Russian attempts to split the country according to Gremlin’s plan and expressed commitment to support the Ukrainian anti-terrorist operation in the region! The same pattern was developed a few years ago prior the U. S. Invasion of Iraq. It seems that the situation is repeated. The U. S. Determined to introduce sanctions on Russia, and they are not alone in its decision â€Å"to stand up for the Ukrainian people and to release it from under the yoke of authoritarian rule. They are Joined by Turkey, United Kingdom, France, and some other countries. Russian’s actions, on the contrary, was to call to prevent World War Ill, based on unsubstantiated speculation by the U. S. Government, for whom the war in Ukraine could be economically viable. Russian President Vladimir Putting suggested that attempts to the U. S. Intervention in the Internal affairs of Ukraine to be doomed to failure. Russia intends to prevent the United States to strike the country. China has also expressed the objection to the conflict escalation and agreed to support Russian’s actions. At the Pentagon, the Russian government’s decision Is not taken seriously, considering that Russian’s actions are Limited to expressing their protest and that would be It. And they surely have the reason to think so, If you remember a salary situation in Iraq and Yugoslavia. But somehow it seems that right now the Russian government does not give up its position, and if the U. S. Strike on Ukraine, then Russia may enter the war, which, in turn, will lead to World War Ill. World war 3 By Jonathan to a new world war. Since March 2011, unrest in Syria have not cease and managed to develop into a housing people. If recently the war in Syria might seem an internal conflict, now the Ukrainian crisis can be drawn into a bloody fight between major world powers. Now there are more and more of assumption that the Russian invasion in Ukraine could that attempts to the U. S. Intervention in the internal affairs of Ukraine to be doomed At the Pentagon, the Russian government’s decision is not taken seriously, considering that Russian’s actions are limited to expressing their protest and that would be it. And they surely have the reason to think so, if you remember a similar How to cite World war, Papers World war Free Essays Mr. Johnson Due date: Friday 18th of October 861 words By Matthew Chin World war 1 was ultimately caused by imperialism. Different nations wanted control over more land and to be the dominant nation in Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on World war or any similar topic only for you Order Now The assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie was a small but very powerful event that led to the beginning of a very long chain of events. Alliances between lots of different countries also contributed to World War 1 . The war first started Just In Europe, but alliances with many other countries outside of Europe caused the conflict In Europe to become a world war. The Arms Race was another factor of the war. Certain European countries competed against each other to see who would have the most powerful army. A large amount of money was spent and pretty much every country In the Arms Race adopted conscription. Global conflicts on such a large scale are rarely ever because of 1 simple cause. Nation leaders acted unreasonably and the war could very easily have been prevented, and many lives saved. All the countries that were involved in World War 1 really had one primary desire, to main control of more land for their nation or country. They do this because they are trying to be loyal to their nation and want to do whatever they can for its benefit. This is called imperialism and nationalism. Imperialism and nationalism have been the cause of many long-term tensions and conflicts all around the world, even before the First World War. Countries wanted to take land off other nations because of the raw materials the contained, take care of a threat or for some other need or want. This led to war between nations. As the opposing side were usually nationalists and cared or their country, they would defend it and fight back at the enemy. A very significant act of nationalism was when the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were assassinated and Austria fought back. Austria then had an excuse to declare war on Serbia and this was the first step to world war. This started the chain of events that eventually led to World War 1 . Sometimes, other countries even tried to take over other countries Just to show other nations their dominance and that they were powerful. No matter what the reason, imperialism eventually led to conflict. Imperialism also led to alliances sometimes, when a country wanted the reassurance of another country to make them feel safer and to Increase their chances of success. Alliances also helped the world war to happen. They were not directly starting the war but once a conflict had started, alliances would be like a spark that would start out of control war if some of the nations were involved in an alliance. The countries that started the conflict may think making an alliance with other countries was a very smart decision at the time, but it Just causes more trouble for everybody because ore people being dragged into the war means more people will suffer. World War 1 started off as conflict between a few countries in Europe. But as other countries stepped in, to protect allies, the solvable conflict became a world war. As the world entered into chaos as the war started, the Arms Race in Europe began. The Arms Race was a competition between some of the great powers in Europe for superiority in the army, Ana and air force, by accumulating more weapons, soldiers and developing weaponry. The air force at the time of WWW was not very powerful as technology was not as developed as it is today. Nearly all the countries in World War 1 were involved in the Arms Race. All the countries in the Arms Race had adopted conscription. This is when all the men in that country are forced to enlist in the war as a soldier. This greatly increased the amount of people involved in the war. Large amounts of money were also spent for the purposes of the Arms Race. The great powers of Europe increased military expenditure by 300%! France’s standing army in 1913 was 690,000 but rapidly grew to 827,000 by 1914! When more weapons are accumulated, the likelihood of war increases, as the Race started before the war did. The Arms Race also led to nations wanting more power. Militarism was especially powerful during this time. World War 1 was a massive war that could not have been the outcome of 1 simple cause. Imperialism, nationalism, the assassination of the Archduke and his wife, militarism, the Arms Race and alliances all played a part in the war. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie was a very significant even in the war that triggered a long chain of events. It started off with Austria declaring war on Serbia, then more countries declared war on each other because of he alliances they had made and the Arms Race Just made the war worse. How to cite World war, Papers

The Art and Science of Leadership- Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write an Essay on Leadership and Management. Answer: Introduction: A study is to be conducted to evaluate the advantages that value based leadership lay in the organisational scenario of the rule based organisation. The study would be developed on the background scenario of the Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC). It would be based on the journey of Lieutenant General Janet Wolfenbarger who served as the Vice Commander of AFMC. During her tenure, she was entrusted with the responsibility of initiating certain structural change in the organisational scenario of AFMC. Such changes drew severe criticism from various quarters like the Congressmen rebuked her for being progressing with the changes, but she remained firm on her responsibilities (Winig, 2016). Wolfenbarger cited that such changes though would be instrumental in closing 7 out of 12 centres of the AFMC base and doing away with 9,000 civilian jobs, the result would be a better structure for AFMC enhancing its efficiency. Throughout the process, Wolfenbarger maintained a strong personality of he rself to initiate the right action for the benefit of AFMC and her motherland which shows the enunciation of the value based leadership. Value based leadership: The core aspect of value based leadership lies in motivating the subordinates by associating them with the organisational goals linking with their personal values (Prasad, 2014). In value based leadership, the leaders are responsible for communicating the organisational values to his fellow members so that they could actively support the mission undertaken by the organisation. For instance, Wolfenbarger while taking over the command of AFMC on her very first day called for a meeting of her subordinate commanders to brief them of her approach. It served as an opportunity for the new commander to bring in confidence her subordinates to implement the structural change of the highly esteemed institution of AFMC. It is done on the part of Wolfenbarger to concentrate on the core values of the institution to provide efficiency at its optimal level. The efficiency element would apparently form the guiding principle portraying the strength of the institution (Craig Campbell, 2012). It is bec ause the core value of efficiency holds the soul of the institution AFMC irrespective of the passage of time and dynamic scenario. The value based leadership strives to be the role model for his followers as seen in the case study wherein Wolfenbarger stands for integrity, service before self and excellence in every sphere. So her subordinate commanders have her live examples which would motivate them to accomplish the task given to them (Buelens, et al., 2011). The strong personality of Wolfenbarger would apparently inspire the entire workforce and direct her subordinates too to believe in the depth and sincerity of the institution. The edge of value based leadership lies in four distinct principles self-reflection, balancing act, self-confidence and general humility. It is considered that self-reflection in the sphere of value based leadership has the ability to recognise and reflect for which the leader stands for in context to his value and his aim (Armstrong, 2014). As seen in the case study, Wolfenbarger has been very clear about her views as she is determined to implicate the changes in the organisational scenario of AFMC as it would bring about a very constructive change in its organisational sphere. The balancing act principle shows the ability to foresee situations from multiple standpoints and differing Belvederes to have a greater understanding. The balancing act, in this case, implies considering all the scenarios with equal weightage and an open mind (McShane, et al., 2012). Wolfenbarger has seen that the structural change would be instrumental in saving billions of dollar of the American exchequer and also implicate efficiency at a greater level for which AFMC strives for. Self-confidence is another competitive edge that characterises the value based leadership as they could recognise their strengths and weaknesses for contemplating constant development (Herman, 2011). Wolfenbarger has faced severe criticism from the Congressmen and a section of the AFMC officers for initiating such changes. But she was confident enough that the scheduled changes are about to bring in the organisational sphere of AFMC. It is seen that the structural change has been beneficial of saving costs worth $6 billion. Further beyond the cost effectiveness, AFMC achieved process improvement which impacted the mission on a significant note (Winig, 2016). It was this self-confidence that was able to hold herself as she was confronted by the might of the Congressmen. General humility is another sheer advantage that the value based leader stands for keeping life in perspective, especially while the leader is at the helm of his career (Robbins, et al., 2013). Accordingly, Wolfenbarger has given accreditation to the wide family of Air Force she belongs to and keeps her service over and above herself even at the expense of her personal life to accomplish her goals. In value-based leadership, leaders are responsible for managing the value of the business by influencing their team members positively, so that are able to perform their responsibilities successfully and make sure the achievement of goals and mission of the organisation. It is essential for the leaders to lean on organisational value for the purpose of improving the performance. Leaders are also liable to influence team members and motivate them so that they can make the necessary changes and ensure the enhancement of business value (Nahavandi, 2016). Leaders of value-based leadership must be moral and authentic and need to have the capability to make important as well as a positive decision based on the purpose of business. One of the major advantages of value-based leadership is it helps in enhancing the leadership quality. From the provided case study it has been observed that Wolfenbarger has performed various roles for the aim of making and implementing essential changes and enhancing the military value (Ospina, Kersh, Alraqhas, 2015). Leadership roles performed by Wolfenbarger enable her to improve leadership quality and lead the teams in a successful manner. Another advantage of value-based leadership is it also facilitates in mitigating business related issue along with ensuring the prevention of business from unnecessary problems. Wolfenbarger has taken certain initiatives for the purpose of reducing the problems that would arise during the time of making changes. She also motivates her team to perform the roles in a proper way along with ensuring the upcoming mitigation issues and enhancing the leadership as well as work value. She also has taken the initiative to mitigate the problem associated with the military work (Chhokar, Brodbeck, House, 2013). Value-based leadership also ensure the healthy and productive culture, which is an advantage of this leadership. Based on the case study it is noticed that Wolfenbarger always try to maintain a good culture so that team can perform their day-to-day work successfully and attain the mission. Along with several advantages, there are also certain disadvantages of value-based leadership, for example, such type of leadership require strong and expertise leaders. As per the given case study, Wolfenbarger is case study is a strong leader and have the capability to perform its roles and responsibilities and lead its team properly (Copeland, 2014). But still, there is a problem in terms of the deal with the difficult situation for the reason of certain ineffective personnel, which is acknowledged by Wolfenbarger. It creates a problem in making the necessary changes in military and implementing the new structure. Another disadvantage is lots of time and resources to gain success. Due to lack of effective resources, Wolfenbarger faced the issue in terms of cope-up with new changes and handling the complex situation in an efficient manner. In this context, it is important for Wolfenbarger to develop efficient plan and strategy to deal with the problems along with improving the valu e of military work and leadership. Conclusions: It is perceived that the aspect of the value based leadership does not lead them to lose their sight of their original goal or task as seen in the case study done on Wolfenbarger. The lady has been accredited for being the first woman to hold the helm point of AFMC, and she got the responsibility for initiating the historical structural change in the organisational sphere of AFMC. Her attributes of self-reflection, balancing act, self-confidence and general humility have paved her to bring in the required changes in AFMC in the face of stiff opposition from influential sources in the government. It is the essential characteristics of the value based leadership that Wolfenbarger possesses that helped her to put forth her responsibilities over and above everything else even her personal life. She has been a strong leader who has never bowed out of the scenario, but she initiated processes that led her to do the right thing at the right time. Therefore it is hereby concluded that it is the value based leadership aspect of Wolfenbarger which initiated the right action in the rule based organisation like AFMC. References Armstrong, M. . T. S., 2014. Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice.. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Buelens, M., Sinding, K. Waldstrom, C., 2011. Organisational Behaviour. 4th ed. London: McGraw-Hill Education. Chhokar, J., Brodbeck, F. House, R., 2013. Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. London: Routledge. Copeland, M., 2014. The emerging significance of values based leadership: A literature review. International journal of leadership studies, 8(2), p. 105. Craig, T. Campbell, D., 2012. Organisations and the business environment. London: Routledge. Herman, R. D., 2011. The Jossey-Bass handbook of nonprofit leadership and management. London: John Wiley Sons. McShane, S., Olekalns, M. Travaglione, T., 2012. Organisational Behaviour: Emerging Knowledge. London: Global Insights. Nahavandi, A., 2016. The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. London: Pearson. Ospina, S., Kersh, R. Alraqhas, Y., 2015. Exploring Value-Based Leadership in Public Careers. Public Administration Review, 75(5), pp. 770-773. Prasad, K., 2014. Making wise decisions: leadership lessons from Mahabharata. Journal of Management Development, 33(8/9), p. 835 846. Robbins, S., Judge, T. A., Millett, B. Boyle, M., 2013. Organisational behaviour. London: Pearson Higher Education AU. Winig, L., 2016. Value Based Leadership: A Platform for the Challenge-Opportunity Driving Tough Organizational Changes, Cambridge: Harvard Kennedy School.

OCD Disease Essays - Psychiatric Diagnosis, Abnormal Psychology

OCD Disease It was 9:30 a.m., and Nancy, a 36-year-old attorney, had arrived late for work again. Nancy knew she needed to catch up on her legal assignments, but a familiar worry nagged at her. No matter how hard she tried, Nancy could not dislodge the thought that she had left a pot burning on the stove. The image of her home engulfed in flames was so vivid she could almost smell the smoke. Nancy tried to shut the thought out of her mind, reassuring herself that she had turned the gas jet off. But even remembering her hand touching the cool stove burner-a precaution she took whenever she left the house-still left her wondering whether she had checked carefully enough. The pot and stove were not all that had been on Nancy's mind that morning. For Nancy, leaving the house entailed a time-consuming routine designed to ensure that no major or minor disaster-such as a fire, burglary, or household flood-would strike while she was away. Like a pilot preparing for take-off, she would spend more than an hour checking and rechecking that all appliances were turned off, all water faucets shut, all windows closed, and the doors to the house securely locked. Except for necessities such as work, Nancy avoided going out because it meant performing this arduous routine. But even these measures were not enough to keep her from worrying. A few weeks earlier, Nancy had hit on the idea of documenting that everything was safe before she left home. Now, sitting at her desk, she pulled a completed checklist from her purse and reviewed it to see if the "stove and oven" item and been marked off. At first, she felt relieved to see that it was. But then a new thought struck: What if this wasn't today's checklist? Panic overtook reason. Nancy dialed the local fire department and asked that truck be sent to investigate a fire at her house. (Goodman, 1994, pp 103, 104) The first modern description of OCD was provided in 1838 by Jean-Etienne Dominique Esquirol, a French psychiatrist. Esquirol called the disorder the folie de doute, or doubting madness, and suspected it was rooted in a physical problem in the brain. During much of the 1900's, psychoanalytic theories dominated the study of OCD. Many psychoanalytic theorists believed OCD originated from conflicts early in a child's development over such issues as toilet training. (Goldman, 1994, p.104) Researchers theorize that an antibody may actually cause OCD. The antibody called D8/17, is produced to fight streptococcus bacterium that causes rheumatic fever. However D8/17 may attack healthy cells in the brain's basal ganglia region, which helps control basic movement sequences, such as walking or eating. (Klobuchar, 1998, p.266) The obsessions or compulsions must cause marked distress, be time consuming (take more than 1 hour per day), or significantly interfere with the individual's normal routine, occupational functioning, or usual social activities or relationships with others. Obsessions or compulsions can displace useful and satisfying behavior and can be highly disruptive to overall functioning. Because obsessive intrusions can be distracting, they frequently result in inefficient performance of cognitive tasks that require concentration, such as reading or computation. In addition, many individuals avoid objects or situations that provoke obsessions or compulsions. Such avoidance can become extensive and can severely restrict general functioning. (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 1994). Symptoms of OCD include repetitive, ritualized behavior, such as counting, hoarding objects, or handwashing; obsessive fear of threats, such as germs; or a fear of committing violent acts. (Klobuchar 266) The American Psychiatric Association classifies OCD as an anxiety disorder. People with OCD suffer from persistent and disturbing thoughts, images, or impulses, called obsessions. They relieve the anxiety caused by their obsessions through compulsions-repeated behaviors that they feel driven to perform. (Goodman, 1994, p.104) The DSM-IV defines obsessions as recurrent thoughts, images, or impulses that are anxiety-provoking and are perceived as intrusive or senseless. (Gragg & Francis, 1996, p.1) The intrusive and inappropriate quality of the obsessions has been referred to as "ego-dystonic." This refers to the individual's sense that the content of the obsession is alien, not within his or her own control, and not the kind of thought that he or she would expect to have. However, the individual is able to recognize that the obsessions are the product of his or her own mind and are not imposed form without (as in thought insertion). (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 1994). Obsessions typically fall within seven major categories. i.e. Contamination obsessions, which typically involve excessive concerns about germs, disease, and cleanliness.

Free Essays on All-in-1 Toothpaste

Strengths 1.Unique Product Our All-in-1 toothpaste will encompass all the qualities of the top toothpastes into 1 tube. Our All-in-1 toothpaste will provide tartar control, whitening, cavity protection, fresh taste, mouthwash, and more. We will market this toothpaste as being the best toothpaste to satisfy all users in a household, our toothpaste is the new â€Å"family toothpaste† or has the qualities to satisfy every user in the house. Weakness 1.New Company Being a new company is a weakness in itself. We do not have a loyal customer base nor do we have any brand recognition. Through creative marketing we hope to create a curious buzz regarding our product. We want consumers to be so interested in our product that they run right out and purchase it. Opportunities 1.Need Everyone needs to use toothpaste in order to clean their teeth. Perception is a huge drive behind the need for clean teeth. Seventy-one percent of Americans said they are less likely to marry someone with bad teeth and 74% believe bad teeth can hurt career success, according to the Mentadent Smart Mouth survey. Also, 33% said whitening is the attribute they look for most when shopping for toothpaste. Threats 1.Competition Globally Colgate commands a market share of 80% or more. Its numbers aren't quite so dominant in the U.S., but Colgate grabbed the lead over Procter & Gamble's Crest after launching Total toothpaste in late 1997. At that time the U.S. Food & Drug Administration's approved Total as the only toothpaste that reduces the gum disease gingivitis. The result, it's now the No. 1 toothpaste recommended by dentists. Thanks to such relentless marketing, Colgate continues to chew up the competition. It accounts for more than one-third of all toothpaste sales in the U.S. while once-dominant Crest holds a 29% market share. Marketing Objectives We will be marketing the All-in-1 toothpaste by promoting the basics ... Free Essays on All-in-1 Toothpaste Free Essays on All-in-1 Toothpaste Strengths 1. Unique Product Our All-in-1 toothpaste will encompass all the qualities of the top toothpastes into 1 tube. Our All-in-1 toothpaste will provide tartar control, whitening, cavity protection, fresh taste, mouthwash, and more. We will market this toothpaste as being the best toothpaste to satisfy all users in a household, our toothpaste is the new â€Å"family toothpaste† or has the qualities to satisfy every user in the house. Weakness 1. New Company Being a new company is a weakness in itself. We do not have a loyal customer base nor do we have any brand recognition. Through creative marketing we hope to create a curious buzz regarding our product. We want consumers to be so interested in our product that they run right out and purchase it. Opportunities 1. Need Everyone needs to use toothpaste in order to clean their teeth. Perception is a huge drive behind the need for clean teeth. Seventy-one percent of Americans said they are less likely to marry someone with bad teeth and 74% believe bad teeth can hurt career success, according to the Mentadent Smart Mouth survey. Also, 33% said whitening is the attribute they look for most when shopping for toothpaste. Threats 1. Competition Globally Colgate commands a market share of 80% or more. Its numbers aren't quite so dominant in the U.S., but Colgate grabbed the lead over Procter & Gamble's Crest after launching Total toothpaste in late 1997. At that time the U.S. Food & Drug Administration's approved Total as the only toothpaste that reduces the gum disease gingivitis. The result, it's now the No. 1 toothpaste recommended by dentists. Thanks to such relentless marketing, Colgate continues to chew up the competition. It accounts for more than one-third of all toothpaste sales in the U.S. while once-dominant Crest holds a 29% market share. Marketing Objectives We will be marketing the All-in-1 toothpaste by promoting the basics ...

A Modest Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

A Modest Proposal - Essay Example Jonathan uses numerous techniques complete his writing. This power of satire portrays to the lack of morality and expedience of how Ireland's dealings are managed. The lack of authority held by the Irish people springs from the extensive amount of power the English Protestants held over the Irish, especially the penal laws imposed upon the Irish Catholics. Jonathan uses this truth to exploit his prominent satire and eventually to suggest the consumption of the babies of deprived Irish mothers. The author uses satire severely in his writing. One of the most apparent uses of satire Jonathan uses is when he talks about the likely English response to his suggestion. He claims, "Maybe I could name a nation, which would be happy to consume our whole country." Here, Jonathan is reflecting the degree to which the English had power over the Irish. The basis of his proposal centers in the notion of consuming the newborns, as food, is no mistake.This idea was selected in order to symbolize the collapse of Ireland through the "consuming" power the English had over the Irish. This made the Irish seem as powerless as infants (Smith 138). At one point, while making his suggestion, Jonathan guarantees the politicians who dislike his approach that the deprived people of Ireland would rather surrender their life than experience the everlasting scene of misfortunes. While Jonathan is giving his suggestions to the ruling class, he ironically represents the hardships as being the sole liability of the poor (Smith 140). Jonathan is talking to the politicians who have denied the Irish Catholics some of their rights, but he argues that the Irish are repressing their landlords by not settling their rent on time. The author contradicted himself at this point. The satire, of course, was the immense economic cruelty imposed on the Irish by the English through agricultural protectionism and other things. Jonathan’s use of satire, in his writing, serves to portray, to the English lea ders, the reality of the circumstances that they are subjecting to the people of Ireland. However, despite Swift's obvious dislike for the English, he, at some instances, also partly blames the Irish for the conditions of the country. Specifically, his depiction on the part of the Irish is what appears to trouble Jonathan the most (Smith 140). While a person might assume that Irish Catholics should have united to deal with English, they instead fell victim to forfeited certain liberties and land seizures. Jonathan asserts that his suggestion will greatly reduce the number of papists, who stay, at home, to deliver the empire to the Pretender. It is obvious that Jonathan does not, in fact, believe that the papists are exploiting the Protestants. However, I feel that he is attacking the Irish Catholics for not trying to take back their nation from them. Jonathan argues that the Irish have gladly handed their nation over to the English, and that makes them the most treacherous enemies t o Ireland (Smith 140). Throughout the writing, Jonathan, when talking about the Irish infants, uses terms as if he were describing farm animals. Phrases and words such as pigs, stock, flesh, cattle and carcass, were all present in

Bicycle Thieves Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bicycle Thieves - Movie Review Example In many ways, the young boy represents a purity and moral fortitude that elders around him have difficulty to master. The young boy accompanies his father through his long, arduous and ultimately futile attempt to locate his stolen bicycle. But throughout these travails, he hardly betrays his immaturity. The poise and understated maturity of young Bruno is pleasing to see. I believe it is upon De Sica’s directorial discretion that Bruno’s character was drawn on those lines. There is one scene in particular where the young boy’s maturity comes to light. It was when his frayed and tired father slaps him on the cheek out of his own inner frustrations. Bruno was hurt and he starts to cry. He moves away from his father and sulks. Yet, when his repentant father comes to him to console and cajole, he does not rebuke him. Instead of playing truant and throwing a tantrum, young Bruno allows his dad to make peace with him. Eventually, his father takes him to a restaurant t o buy him a luxurious cake. In a subtle irony, De Sica showcases how the young can sometimes lead the old and display more maturity. Neo-realist cinema might be passe for modern audiences, but when De Sica gave it full expression in Bicycle Thieves it was fresh and inventive. In fact, poverty as a theme for commercial cinema was thought unviable by many producers. Consequently, De Sica had difficulty garnering funding for his project. The fact of the availability of only a limited funding actually accentuated the neo-realist feel in the film. For example, the lead actors are all amateurs who barely had any acting experience prior to the film. The scenes were all shot on location without using any studio settings. The material reality of poverty was well captured too. After all, it doesn’t require expensive props to execute a film based on the ordeals of poverty. Consistent with the neo-realist style the background music for the film is minimal. The idea is to let the story cr eate its own sense of drama and poignancy without the aid of music. Moreover, an austere production philosophy resonates with the poverty and frugality at display onscreen. (Wakeman, 1988) The film is good material for philosophical inquiry. In my view, the essence of the film is the last scene where the victim decides to become the victimizer. When Antonio Ricci (the protagonist) decides out of desperation that he would steal a bicycle to recompense what had been stolen from him, the title Bicycle Thieves takes on an added dimension. What was till that point in film a reference to the gang of burglars who steal bicycles and resell them in the market, now includes the aggrieved loser himself. This is a powerful political statement on part of De Sica about the nature of poverty and the evaluation of morality in this economic realm. In other words, the film can be seen as an early exploration on the vicious cycle of poverty and crime. There is little doubt that the director’s t ake on these twin blights of society are rather sympathetic. This much is evident from the overall tone and effect of the film. In this sense, the film is a powerful social and political comment – something that is apt for further study from sociological perspectives. (Ratner, 2005) In sum, Bicycle Thieves is an important work in the history of world cinema. Its appeal is universal because its theme is universal and based on humanism. Bicycle Thieves is an intense film that has an underlying engagement with humanist

Reading Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reading - Assignment Example The article notes that although, there are some negative impacts that are associated with the use of the internet, the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. The author precisely means that the internet makes people smarter. However, he notes that it do not necessarily make individuals smarter at all times (Whitney, 2010). The author makes use of an inductive argument and makes use of facts to convince the audience. These arguments are effective and convincing to the audience. I agree with the arguments expressed in the article since they are based on facts. His research is also based on those expressed by experts in different fields. The author’s major argument is based on the claim that the internet makes people smarter. Her sole purpose is to persuade and the arguments are based on opinions. The sources used in the article are reliable since most experts agree on one thing. The tone of the article is persuasive. There are no biases on the author’s side. Logos appeals are employed to evoke thinking. Not all important angles were covered as no statistics were provided to support the claim. This is also the weakness in the reasoning presented. I agree with the author because the internet has resulted to easy and quick access of all sorts of information. The ideas connected with mine based on the few setbacks that are linked with the internet. The article is titled â€Å"Critical Thinking Crucial in the Information Age† and was written by Massimo Pigliucci. The article stated that critical thinking is not given the significance it deserves in the modern world. This is supported by the arguments made by Socrates on knowledge (Pigliucci. 2011). The article states that knowledge and ignorance are both the major causes of evil. The author states that ignorance is the major cause of evil in the major cause of evil in the modern times. The article expresses that it is difficult for human beings to prove

Concurrent Engineering Vs Traditional Sequential Methods

Concurrent Engineering Vs Traditional Sequential Methods In order to signify the differences between the traditional approach of sequential engineering and the modern concurrent engineering approach, I will simulate the release of an aircraft component onto the market, and explain in detail the process. I will point out differences between the methods as I go along. Traditionally, products were designed and manufactured following the sequential engineering methods, where people from different departments work one after the other on successive phases of development. This method of production is in a linear format. The different steps are done one after another, with all attention and resources focused on that one task. After it is completed it is left alone and everything is concentrated on the next task. The product is first completely defined by the engineering design department, and then the manufacturing department take over and define the manufacturing process, etc. This was a lengthy process, and often led to a lot of design changes as the prototype testing began, due to production problems, delays or design flaws. This is therefore a slow and costly approach, often leading to a low-quality and less competitive product. Concurrent Engineering, sometimes called Simultaneous Engineering or Integrated Product Development (IPD), can be defined as a systematic approach to the integrated, concurrent design of products and their related processes, including manufacture and support. This approach is intended to cause the developers, from the outset, to consider all elements of the product life cycle from conception through disposal, including quality, cost, schedule, and user requirements. This results in the product development team clearly understanding what the product requires in terms of mission performance, environmental conditions during operation, budget, and scheduling. In this method, several teams within an organization work simultaneously to develop new products and services andthis therefore allows a more streamlined approach. Decision making involves full team participation and involvement. The team often consists of product design engineers, manufacturing engineers, marketing personnel, purch asing, finance, and suppliers, and the role of the leader is to supply the basic foundation and support for change, rather than to tell the other team members what to do. In concurrent engineering, different tasks are tackled at the same time, and not necessarily in the usual order. This means that info found out later in the process can be added to earlier parts, improving them, and also saving a lot of time. Examples from companies using Concurrent Engineering techniques show significant increases in overall quality, 30-40% reduction in project times and costs, and 60-80% reductions in design changes after release. BENEFITS ADVANTAGES of concurrent Concurrent engineering provides many benefits over sequential engineering, including lower manufacturing and production costs, improved quality of resulting end products and increased accuracy in predicting and meeting project plans, schedules, timelines, and budgets. Because the multidisciplinary teams working together early in the process can make informed decisions about cost, quality, process and product issues, trade-offs can be made between design features, part manufacturability, assembly requirements, material needs, reliability issues, serviceability requirements, and cost and time constraints. Any differences are usually reconciled early in the design process, leading to increased efficiency and performance, higher reliability in the product development process, reduced defect rate and ultimately a faster time to market which results in increased market share. This also means faster reaction times in responding to the rapidly changing market, which in turn fosters increased customer satisfaction and a higher return on investments due to the reduced labour and resource requirements, improved inventory control and scheduling. Improved communication between individuals and departments within the firm also encourages cohesiveness, and a more pleasant working environment, which in turn can positively affect productivity of the workforce. Concurrent engineering is not a trivial process to apply; therefore companies must be careful in using this approach. To be successful, they should initially compare themselves with their competitors to set a benchmark, and identify potential performance improvements and realistic targets by analysing the market and knowing the customers. It is paramount to have the top managements support, and to develop a clear strategy and implementation plan which must be continually reviewed and revised with progress. Individualism should be suppressed within the team and project leaders must have a clear overall visualization of the project and goals. Cross -functional integration and collaboration needs to be established and encouraged, so as to foster team ethics and freely transfer technology and information between individuals and departments. Some organisations have been known to have problems in the past, which manifest themselves when there is an unwillingness to institutionalize concurr ent engineering, and new reporting lines and reward systems are not set up to agree with the new approach. Problems can also arise if the employees have not had any training in teamwork, or if the schedules set are unrealistic. There needs to be a change in relationships with vendors in order for the concurrent engineering methods to work at their best, alongside a focus on process improvement rather than computerisation. Concurrent engineering is an evolving process that requires continuous improvement and refinement. This continuous improvement cycle consist of planning, implementing, reviewing, and revising. The process must be updated and revised on a regular basis to optimize the effectiveness and benefits in the concurrent engineering development process. Conclusion In todays business world, a quick effective response to changing market needs is paramount if a corporation is to be successful. They must be able to reduce their time to market with an adaptable attitude and decision must be made quickly and correctly the first time around. If the firms waste time repeating tasks, as might happen using sequential methods, they will become less competitive, therefore concurrent engineering has emerged as way of bringing rapid solutions to product design and development process. Concurrent engineering is indisputably the future for new product development for all companies regardless of their size, sophistication, or product portfolio. In order to be competitive, corporations must be able to complete diverse tasks concurrently, even if that means altering their product and process development cycle. Although it will require a major reorganisation and be reviewed and adjusted for continuous improvements of engineering and business operations, this new process will benefit the company in the long-term.

essay :: essays research papers

Halley’sComet   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Comets have amazed, interested, and driven scientists to study them often. Comets like the Hale-Bopp have been seen by millions of people. Since the discovery of comets, scientists, astrologers, or and even your next door neighbor have been interested in discovering or studying comets. Like Halley’s Comet which has had a real impact on the history of comets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Halley’s comet put on bright shows for the planet Earth ever since 204 BC, maybe even 1059 BC. Its most famous appearance was in 1066 AD, right before the battle of Hastings. It was named after Edmund Halley, who found out its orbit. He predicted that the appearances in 1531 and 1607 were the same comet that made a 76-year orbit. Halley died in 1742, never to see if his prediction should come true, which it did in 1758.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Only three comets were ever studied by a spacecraft. Comet Giacobini-Zinner was studied in 1985, Comet Halley in 1986, and Comet Grigg-Skijellup on July 10th, 1992. Halley’s comet made appearances in 1835and then in 1910. Then after in 1984 and 1985, five spacecrafts from Russia, Japan, and Europe were launched to make rendezvous with the comet in 1985. One of NASA’s deep space satellite was reprogrammed to monitor the solar wind that was from Halley.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The nucleus(entire body) is an ellipsoidal shape and measures about 16 by 8 by 8 kilometers(10 by 5 by 5 miles). Next perihelion is determined to be in 2061 because it orbits every 76 years. The well developed tail structure of Halley’s Comet is made up of both dust and ion. One of the most spectacular showings was the one when a piece of the comet ion tail breaks off. This was seen and photographed in 1986, by a telescope at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory at NASA. Hall ey’s Comet obviously never came in contact with any other comets or planets. essay :: essays research papers Halley’sComet   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Comets have amazed, interested, and driven scientists to study them often. Comets like the Hale-Bopp have been seen by millions of people. Since the discovery of comets, scientists, astrologers, or and even your next door neighbor have been interested in discovering or studying comets. Like Halley’s Comet which has had a real impact on the history of comets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Halley’s comet put on bright shows for the planet Earth ever since 204 BC, maybe even 1059 BC. Its most famous appearance was in 1066 AD, right before the battle of Hastings. It was named after Edmund Halley, who found out its orbit. He predicted that the appearances in 1531 and 1607 were the same comet that made a 76-year orbit. Halley died in 1742, never to see if his prediction should come true, which it did in 1758.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Only three comets were ever studied by a spacecraft. Comet Giacobini-Zinner was studied in 1985, Comet Halley in 1986, and Comet Grigg-Skijellup on July 10th, 1992. Halley’s comet made appearances in 1835and then in 1910. Then after in 1984 and 1985, five spacecrafts from Russia, Japan, and Europe were launched to make rendezvous with the comet in 1985. One of NASA’s deep space satellite was reprogrammed to monitor the solar wind that was from Halley.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The nucleus(entire body) is an ellipsoidal shape and measures about 16 by 8 by 8 kilometers(10 by 5 by 5 miles). Next perihelion is determined to be in 2061 because it orbits every 76 years. The well developed tail structure of Halley’s Comet is made up of both dust and ion. One of the most spectacular showings was the one when a piece of the comet ion tail breaks off. This was seen and photographed in 1986, by a telescope at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory at NASA. Hall ey’s Comet obviously never came in contact with any other comets or planets.

Women S Rights

For so long women have had the image of someone who was at home, cooking and cleaning and was weaker and submissive to men. As time passes the nuclear family promotes women having jobs rather then the men having the job in the family and women at home. After World War 2 you have both men and women working in a family now. And even when they have jobs there still mostly jobs like nurses or teachers. As my father grew up he sees that the image of a women changes and they start to break the stereotype.For example: There has been women's basketball and soccer- established decades ago. Women's physique is also changing, which also breaks the stereotype, however it takes time to do that because women are stained with this image. The Women's rights movement is increasing throughout the years since my father was young. The social status in women is getting closer and closer to men's and even sometimes higher then men. Once they are in this position they have the need and want for more becaus e they can. Once they have more money etc. Inns can happen more easily for them. Women are able to act more freely and society, the limits to what women can and cannot due are getting cut loose every year which allows them to do more. For ex: women were not even able to join the army but they were able to join the army and now recently a year ago they are able to join in the line of combat. Women are gaining more freedom exponentially, because with every boundary cut another two can be cut. Women were able to advance a lot in different careers and in court.Women's rights have been increasing because you have women in higher power asking now instead of lower class women. In conclusion it is easier for women now and the roles are much more different because they have broken stereotypical boundaries and achieved higher classes. Everyday women are taking a step forward into 100% equality. Every year women are unlocking more and more fields that women were not available to. If you kick a round today's society you will see women's roles changing gradually.

Defining Racial Prejudice

Defining Racial Prejudice Words such as racism, prejudice, and stereotype are often used interchangeably. While the definitions of these terms overlap, they actually mean different things. Racial prejudice, for instance, typically arises from race-based stereotypes. People of influence who prejudge others set the stage for institutional racism to occur. How does this happen? This overview of what racial prejudice is, why it’s dangerous and how to combat prejudice explains in detail. Defining Prejudice It’s difficult to discuss prejudice without clarifying what it is. The fourth edition of the American Heritage College Dictionary provides four meanings for the term- from â€Å"an adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge or examination of the facts† to â€Å"irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group, race or religion.† Both definitions apply to the experiences of ethnic minorities in Western society. Of course, the second definition sounds much more menacing than the first, but prejudice in either capacity has the potential to cause a great deal of damage. Likely because of his skin color, English professor and writer Moustafa Bayoumi says that strangers often ask him, â€Å"Where are you from?† When he answers that he was born in Switzerland, grew up in Canada and now lives in Brooklyn, he raises eyebrows. Why? Because the people doing the questioning have a preconceived idea about what Westerners generally and Americans particularly look like. They’re operating under the (erroneous) assumption that natives of the United States don’t have brown skin, black hair or names that aren’t English in origin. Bayoumi acknowledges that the people suspicious of him typically don’t â€Å"have any real malice in mind.† Still, they allow prejudice to guide them. While Bayoumi, a successful author, has taken the questions about his identity in stride, others deeply resent being told that their ancestral origins make them less American than others. Prejudice of this nature may not only lead to psychological t rauma but also to racial discrimination. Arguably no group demonstrates this more than Japanese Americans. Prejudice Begets Institutional Racism When the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, the U.S. public viewed Americans of Japanese descent suspiciously. Although many Japanese Americans had never stepped foot in Japan and knew only of the country from their parents and grandparents, the notion spread that the Nisei (second-generation Japanese Americans) were more loyal to the Japanese empire than to their birthplace- the United States. Acting with this idea in mind, the federal government decided to round up more than 110,000 Japanese Americans and place them in internment camps for fear that they would team up with Japan to plot additional attacks against the United States. No evidence suggested that Japanese Americans would commit treason against the U.S. and join forces with Japan. Without trial or due process, the Nisei were stripped of their civil liberties and forced into detention camps. The case of Japanese-American internment is one of the most egregious cases of racial prejudice leading to institutiona l racism. In 1988, the U.S. government issued a formal apology to Japanese Americans for this shameful chapter in history. Prejudice and Racial Profiling After the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, Japanese Americans worked to prevent Muslim Americans from being treated how the Nisei and Issei were during World War II. Despite their efforts, hate crimes against Muslims or those perceived to be Muslim or Arab rose following the terrorist attacks. Americans of Arab origin face particular scrutiny on airlines and airports. On the tenth anniversary of 9/11, an Ohio housewife of Arab and Jewish background named Shoshanna Hebshi made international headlines after accusing Frontier Airlines of removing her from a flight simply because of her ethnicity and because she happened to be seated next to two South Asian men. She says that she never left her seat, spoke to other passengers or tinkered with suspicious devices during the flight. In other words, her removal from the plane was without warrant. She’d been racially profiled. â€Å"I believe in tolerance, acceptance and trying–as hard as it sometimes maybe–not to judge a person by the color of their skin or the way they dress,† she stated in a blog post. â€Å"I admit to having fallen to the traps of convention and have made judgments about people that are unfounded. †¦The real test will be if we decide to break free from our fears and hatred and truly try to be good people who practice compassion–even toward those who hate.† The Link Between Racial Prejudice and Stereotypes Prejudice and race-based stereotypes work hand in hand. Due to the pervasive stereotype that an all-American person is blonde and blue-eyed (or at the very least white), those who don’t fit the bill- such as Moustafa Bayoumi- are prejudged to be foreign or â€Å"other.† Never mind that this characterization of an all-American more aptly describes the Nordic population than individuals who are indigenous to the Americas or the diverse groups that make up the United States today. Combating Prejudice Unfortunately, racial stereotypes are so prevalent in Western society that even the very young exhibit signs of prejudice. Given this, it’s inevitable that the most open-minded of individuals will have a prejudiced thought on occasion. One needn’t act on prejudice, however. When President George W. Bush addressed the Republican National Convention in 2004, he called on schoolteachers not to give in to their preconceived ideas about students based on race and class. He singled out the principal of Gainesville Elementary School in Georgia for â€Å"challenging the soft bigotry of low expectations.†Ã‚  Although poor Hispanic children made up most of the student body, 90 percent of pupils there passed state tests in reading and math. â€Å"I believe every child can learn,† Bush said. Had school officials decided that the Gainesville students couldn’t learn because of their ethnic origin or socioeconomic status, institutional racism would have been the likely result. Administrators and teachers would not have worked to give the student body the best education possible, and Gainesville could’ve become yet another failing school. This is what makes prejudice such a threat.

On some Counterproductive Social Aspects of Controlled Subst essays

On some Counterproductive Social Aspects of Controlled Subst essays In human society controlled substances have always had a significant presence in social situations. From the dawn of human civilization in Central Africa about twenty-five thousand years ago, drugs have been a part of human culture. In almost every past civilization there is evidence of drug use in some form. Honest normal people obviously have a want inside of them to alter their state of consciousness, to argue this fact is both a futile and imbecile endeavor. Instead we must come to terms with the reasons one would want to gethigh.? To portray these users as anything less than normal humans would only demonstrate the extent of one's ignorance on matters of human nature. What we do is what we do, and all that we do by definition is natural. For any one to call these controlled substancesbad? orevil? again would only demonstrate one's overwhelming ignorance. We can instead acknowledge the fact that in modern society, certain drugs could be counterproductive or even dangerous to one' s wellbeing. I aim to designate the reasons one in modern American society would ever think to voluntarily come under the influence of a substance. Also I would like to elaborate on the justification of ritualistic or ceremonial use of substances, and how this reflects on the prohibition of select substances in the United States. We must reevaluate the situation of prohibition in the United States based on the facts presented herein. I also aim to question the justification of total prohibition in light of alternate policies that might ultimately benefit our society in a much greater way than prohibition ever did. I will try my best to harbor no biases towards or against drugs. I hope that the reader when reading this will employ the same objective attitude. Having stated that, controlled substances can have a definitely ha a profound negative effect on one's being. Depending on the circumstances, drugs can be extremely counterproductive towards one's gene...

Roosevelts New Deal and American Federalism Assignment

Roosevelts New Deal and American Federalism - Assignment Example In the same clause, it postulates that the congress shall impose taxes and duties in a uniform manner across all the states of the United States of America. The third clause is very important as it defined the power of the congress with regard to commerce issues. It states that the congress will have power to regulate powers among the US states and also between the Unites States of America and the rest of the world as well as with the Indian tribes. This clause gave the congress and thus the federal government exclusive power over the state governments, to regulate trade and commerce as well as make, establish and enforce laws regarding commerce. By giving such powers to the federal government, the role of the states was being trampled underneath the federal government and this clause was to later play a big role in defining the power boundaries between the federal government and the state governments. Commerce is definitely very important for any government and giving commercial sup remacy to the federal government meant that the power of the state government was minimized and the power for the federal government was increased.Supreme Court judgements in the past have also helped in defining the parameters of the powers of the federal government of the United States of American over the state level laws. These decisions by the United States include the Supreme Court decisions in McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden. In this McCulloch, the second bank of United States found itself in a row with the state of Maryland. The state of Maryland had passed a law that required all banks, local or federal, to only issue local notes and also to pay taxes on these. The second bank of United States did not however want to pay tax because this was not in line with federal bank regulations. As a result, the state of Maryland took the case to court and the case was eventually decided in favour of the second bank of the United States. The Supreme Court quoted the supremac y clause of the United States constitutions and said that the state did not have the power to override the federal laws and that the court should be able subscribe to the federal laws as a guidance to its decision. The same issue was also repeated in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden (1824). In this case, the issue was about the monopoly given to Ogden on the use of the navigation waters of the New York area. The state of New York had given Ogden a monopoly over the waters of the area and also tried to convince the other neighbouring states to do the same but they refused. Gibbons, appealed to the Supreme Court which overruled the decision and argued that the state did not have powers to override the federal laws. The Supreme Court quoted the third clause of the eighth section of article I of the United

Essay/Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

/Memo - Essay Example nt of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her humanitarian work, Mother Theresa has left an important legacy of humanism and self-sacrifice after years working to better humanity (Clucas, 1998). Mother Theresa was first and foremost a Christian who believed in the spread of the Gospel and the eternal redemption of the poor through the word of Christ. She was a humanist who left her native Albania to tend to the sick, frail and the poor and established an international charitable organization which sought to administer to the sick and dying around the world. Mother Theresa was known for her selflessness and the charitable nature of her life. Kindness and self-sacrifice were virtues that she lived by. Mother Theresa worked tirelessly to help others and based her life upon the compassionate teachings of Christ. A humanist in the truest sense, Mother Theresa tended to the poorest of the poor, irrespective of ethnic or racial differences. According to the Mother Theresa Center in Calcutta, India, Mother Theresa had the following to say about her worldview, â€Å"By blood, I am Albanian. By citizenship, I am Indian. By faith, I am a Catholic nun. As to my calling I belong to the world. As to my heart, I belong entirely to the Heart of Jesus.† (Mother Theresa Center, 2009). Internal characteristics which Mother Theresa came to embody included a universalism which was not often understood in the context of the middle of the 20th century, an eternal compassion for the suffering of others and a call to duty to spread the word of God through help and self-sacrifice. Although she committed herself to a life of self-sacrifice and poverty, Mother Theresa’s charities were international in scope and established throughout the world. She worked with terminally ill patients and those inflicted with the scourge of leprosy in India while operating ministries in more than 100 countries by the late twentieth-century (Williams, 2002). Mother Theresa was a compassionate and

MMR Vaccination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MMR Vaccination - Essay Example For instance, upon opening a local or regional newspaper, one does not usually find non-sensational stories represented on the front page. Instead, issues regarding horrific crimes, corruption, abuse of power, and other issues are usually front and center for the individual to read and digest. By means of contrast in comparison, the way in which scholarly research is performed is a much more slow and methodical process. Essentially, an individual is required to utilize the scientific method and carefully/painstakingly review their findings prior to making these public in the form of a scholarly journal article publication. At which point, ongoing peer review has been performed and a more thorough level of analysis by other individuals within the scientific community can take place. As can relatively be seen, the differential with respect to the way in which scientific community operate in the way in which the knee operates is bound and measurable. Yet, regardless of these differentials, it can and should be noted that the vaccine debate which took place with respect to Wakefield’s article did not represent a level of due diligence; either on the part of the peer review process or with regard to the way in which the media snapped at the story and widely reported it. For instance, the media perform something of a knee-jerk reaction and reporting the study’s findings as if they were indisputable fact. Unfortunately, this not only occurred with respect to the United States press, it occurred throughout much of Europe as well. Whereas it is somewhat not surprising that the level of due diligence which was performed by the media fell short of what is needed, it does, as a surprise to the reader/analyst that the peer review process evident within the scholarly publication of the journal article that established this faux debate

Modern America Matrix Essay Example for Free

Modern America Matrix Essay After John F Kennedys death, on December 6, 1963. Theodore White wrote an essay for Life magazine in which he compared Kennedys life to the legend of Camelot. Theodore White wrote that this was a time with a â€Å"magic moment in  American history when gallant men danced with beautiful women, when great deeds were done, when artists, writers, and poets met at the White House. There will never be another Camelot again†. Moss, G.D., Thomas, E.A. (2013). Moving on: The American people since 1945 (5th ed. ). Boston, MA: Pearson. Marilyn Monroe Marilyn Monroe was a movie star sex symbol in the 1950’s Marilyn served as a role model for women. The fashion of the day was not about comfort but to be very sexy and femininity conforms to the prevailing sexual stereotype. Moss, G.D., Thomas, E.A. (2013). Moving on: The American people since 1945 (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson. Tariff Reductions August 1993, Congress approved a new round of tariff reductions on manufactured goods covered under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. The tariff on manufacturing good had been affect since World War II. In 1993 congress reduced the tariff to help the country’s economic recovery. In 1994, Clinton followed these victories by reducing trade barriers with major Pacific Rim nations. Moss, G.D., Thomas, E.A. (2013). Moving on: The American people since 1945 (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson. Peace Corps In 1961, the Kennedy administration launched the Peace corps. This was established to help Latin America and other third world countries. The Peace Corps was formed because of the cold war concerns in third world countries and from a desire to give idealistic young Americans an opportunity for public service. Over the next two years, about 7,500 Peace Corps volunteers were sent to forty-four nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Most of them worked as teachers; others found jobs in health care, agricultural reform, and community development Moss, G.D., Thomas, E.A. (2013). Moving on: The American people since 1945 (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson. Alliance for Progress In the 1960’s the Kennedy  administration developed a multifaceted assistance program called the Alianza para progreso. The Alliance for progress was established to blunt the appeal of Castroism and foreclose Soviet opportunities in Latin America. Over the  life of the program, billions of dollars in loans and grants from both public and private sources were fed into the Alliance for Progress. Moss, G.D., Thomas, E.A. (2013). Moving on: The American people since 1945 (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

School Breakfast Programs Essay -- Essays Papers

School Breakfast Programs For most kids waking up in the morning, getting dressed and sitting down to a bowl of cereal and some toast is a normal occurrence for them. However for some students that luxury may not be possible. Over the past couple of years several states across the US have spent millions of dollars and served over 360 million breakfasts and lunches for children who cannot afford to have a regular priced meal or who don’t have money for food at all. With these programs producing such great results for the children in the classroom and out of school more and more states have begun to implement similar programs for underprivileged children. One of the major reasons for the popularity of the breakfast programs is that it enables the children to start there day off with a healthy, nutritional meal. And for kids that are in elementary and middle school having a well balanced meal to start their day off is important because at that age children tend to hit growth spurts sporadically and having the right nutrition in there bodies will enable them to grow with out any complications. Another key reason as to why the Breakfast programs have become such a major success is the in class room behavior of the students. In different polls taken across America schools that were using the breakfast programs had shown that students who took part in the programs overall grades improved, along with attendance and classroom behavior. In an article written by the Advantage Press it was stated that â€Å"A surprising benefit has been observed: there has been a sharp decrease in the number of children going to school nurses. Thus, less class time missed by students. Even teachers who had worried about the added work of overseeing br... ...Programs January 2004 http://www.mtcef.org/activities_3a.htm 5. Provision 2 Guidance National School and Lunch Programs 3 March 2004 http://www.sde.state.id.us/child/docs/CNPResources/Publications/P2Guidance- July242002.pdf 6. Chicago Public School Meal Programs September 2004 http://www.cps.k12.il.us/Parent/Enrollment/School_Lunch/school_lunch.html 7. ThedailyJounranl.com Monday, May 14, 2001 http://www.thedailyjournal.com/news/stories/20010514/opinion/568745.html 8. Policies and Procedure Manual Mississippi Nutrition Program September 2004 http://www.cn.mde.k12.ms.us/resources/forms/ta/mscnp15.pdf 9. Federal Food Programs http://www.frac.org/html/federal_food_programs/programs/sbp.html 10. School Breakfast Programs August 2003 http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Breakfast/AboutBFast/bfastfacts.htm

Economic Networkingâ€Exploring Alternatives for Promoting Sustainable De

Economic Networking—Exploring Alternatives for Promoting Sustainable Development in Africa INTRODUCTION The history of European aid intervention in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states has traditionally acted to reinforce the hierarchical distinction between the â€Å"developed† and the â€Å"developing† world. The series of Lome Conventions which granted preferential trade agreements between these groups of countries have proved ineffective in encouraging economic sustainability in the ACP states, and although the ACP includes most of the Least Developed Countries (LLDCs) in the world, the agreements have been criticized as being unfair in the global context. Under pressure to negotiate a new ACP-EU agreement that would be consistent with World Trade Organization (WTO) regulations, and improve on the limitations of the previous Lome Conventions, the Cotonou Convention was signed in 2000, after arduous negotiations. Despite this agreement, the future of ACP-EU relations is somewhat vague. Particularly with respect to Africa, this uncertainty leaves room for eva luation of the effectiveness of the past agreements and an objective analysis of the motives behind previous economic ties. Furthermore, by analyzing the problematic history of European aid to Africa, there emerges a basis for shifting away from the neo-colonialist relationships that characterized most of the past agreements, and exploring the benefits of creating alternative partnerships. Ultimately, the possibility of forming partnerships amongst individual ACP countries and between other developing countries is an overlooked idea that should be further explored. A Historical Perspective African economic development is a subject of wide interest. Amongst the ... ...2 October 2003 Kwarteng, Charles O. Africa and the European Challenge. Vermont: Ashgate Publishing Company. 1997. The New Partnership for Africa’s Development. October 2001. Overseas Development Institute. Reshaping European partnerships: what future for the ACP? Meeting September 2003. http://www.odi.org.uk/speeches/edc_2010/meeting_report_17september.html The World Bank Group. World Development Indicators Database: Country Profile Table. 11 March 2004 . The World Bank Group. 2003 World Development Indicators. 11 March 2004. . Economic Community of West African States. About ECOWAS. 11 March 2004. .

The Vampire Diaries: The Struggle Chapter Five

November 2, Saturday Dear Diary, This morning I woke up and felt so strange. I don't know how to describe it. On the one hand, I was so weak that when I tried to stand up my muscles wouldn't support me. But on the other hand I felt†¦ pleasant.So comfortable , sorelaxed. As if I were floating on a bed of golden light. I didn't care if I never moved again. Then I remembered Stefan, and I tried to get up, but Aunt Judith put me back to bed. She said Bonnie and Meredith had left hours ago, and that I'd been so fast asleep they couldn't wake me. She said what I needed was rest. So here I am. Aunt Judith brought the TVin,but I don't care about watching it. I'd rather lie here and write, or just lie here. November 3,Sunday (10:30 p.m.) I've just read over yesterday's entry and I'm shocked. What was wrong with me? I broke off in the middle of a sentence, and now I don'teven know what I was going to say. And I didn'texplain about my new diary or anything. I must have been completely spaced out. Anyway, this is the official start of my new diary. I boughtthis blank book at the drugstore. It's not as beautiful as the other one, but it will have to do. I've given up hope of ever seeing my old one again. Whoever stole it isn't going to bring it back. But when I think of them reading it, all my inner thoughts and my feelings about Stefan, I want to kill them. While simultaneously dying of humiliation myself. I'm not ashamed of the way I feel about Stefan. But it's private. And there are things in there, about the way it is when we kiss, when he holds me, that I know he wouldn't want anybody else to read. Of course, it hasn't got anything about his secret in it. I hadn't found that out yet. It wasn't until I did that I really understood him, and we got together, really together, at last. Now we're part of each other. I feel as if I've been waiting for him all my life. Maybe you think I'm terrible for loving him, considering what he is. He can be violent, and I know there are some things in his past that he's ashamed of. But he could never be violent toward me,and the past is over. He has so much guilt and he hurts so much inside. I want to heal him. I don't know what will happen now; I'm just so glad that he's safe. I went to the boarding house today and found out that the police had been there yesterday. Stefan was still weak and couldn't use his Powers to get rid of them, but they didn't accuse him of anything. They just asked questions. Stefan says they acted friendly, which makes me suspicious. What all the questions really boil down to is: where were you on the night the old man was attacked under the bridge, and the night Vickie Bennett was attacked in the ruined church, and the night Mr. Tanner was killed at school? They don't have any evidence against him. So the crimes started right after he came to Fell's Church, so what? That's not proof of anything. So he argued with Mr. Tanner that night. Again, so what? Everybody argued with Mr. Tanner. So he disappeared after Mr. Tanner's body was found. He's back now, and it's pretty clear that he was attacked himself, by the same person who committed the other crimes. Mary told the police about the condition he was in. And if they ever ask us, Matt and Bonnie and Meredith and I can all testify how we found him. There's no case against him at all. Stefan and I talked about that, and about other things. It was so good to be with him again, even if he did look white and tired. He still doesn't remember how Thursday night ended, but most of it is just as I suspected. Stefan went to find Damon Thursday night after he took me home. They argued. Stefan ended up half-dead in a well. It doesn't take a genius to figure out what happened in between. I still haven't told him that I went looking for Damon in the graveyard Friday morning. I suppose I'd better do it tomorrow. I know he's going to be upset, especially when he hears what Damon said to me. Well, that's all. I'm tired. This diary is going to be well-hidden, for obvious reasons. P.S. I wonder who our new European history teacher will be? She tucked the diary under her mattress and turned out the light. Elena walked down the hallway in a curious vacuum. At school she was usually peppered with greetings from all sides; it was â€Å"hi, Elena,† after â€Å"hi, Elena,† wherever she went. But today eyes slid away furtively as she approached, or people suddenly became very busy doing something that required them to keep their backs to her. It had been happening all day long. She paused in the doorway of the European history classroom. There were several students already sitting down, and at the chalkboard was a stranger. He looked almost like a student himself. He had sandy hair, worn a little long, and the build of an athlete. Across the board he had written â€Å"Alaric K. Saltzman.† As he turned around, Elena saw that he also had a boyish smile. He went on smiling as Elena sat down and other students filed in. Stefan was among them, and his eyes met Elena's as he took his seat beside her, but they didn't speak. No one was talking. The room was dead silent. Bonnie sat down on Elena's other side. Matt was only a few desks away, but he was looking straight ahead. The last two people to come in were Caroline Forbes and Tyler Smallwood. They walked in together, and Elena didn't like the look on Caroline's face. She knew that catlike smile and those narrowed green eyes all too well. Tyler's handsome, rather fleshy features were shining with satisfaction. The discoloration under his eyes caused by Stefan's fist was almost gone. â€Å"Okay, to start off, why don't we put all these desks in a circle?† Elena's attention snapped back to the stranger at the front of the room. He was still smiling. â€Å"Come on, let's do it. That way we can all see each other's faces when we talk,† he said. Silently, the students obeyed. The stranger didn't sit at Mr. Tanner's desk; instead, he pulled a chair to the circle and straddled it backward. â€Å"Now,† he said. â€Å"I know you all must be curious about me. My name's on the board: Alaric K. Saltzman. But I want you to call me Alaric. I'll tell you a little more about me later, but first I want to give you a chance to talk. â€Å"Today's probably a difficult day for most of you. Someone you cared about is gone, and that must hurt. I want to give you a chance to open up and share those feelings with me and with your classmates. I want you to try to get in touch with the pain. Then we can start to build our own relationship on trust. Now They stared at him. No one so much as moved an eyelash. â€Å"Well, let's see†¦ what about you?† Still smiling, he gestured encouragingly to a pretty, fair-haired girl. â€Å"Tell us your name and how you feel about what's happened.† Flustered, the girl stood. â€Å"My name's Sue Carson, and, uh†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She took a deep breath and went doggedly on. â€Å"And I feelscared. Because whoever this maniac is, he's still loose. And next time it could be me.† She sat down. â€Å"Thank you, Sue. I'm sure a lot of your classmates share your concern. Now, do I understand that some of you were actually there when this tragedy occurred?† Desks creaked as students shifted uneasily. But Tyler Smallwood stood up, his lips drawing back from strong white teeth in a smile. â€Å"Most of us were there,† he said, and his eyes flickered toward Stefan. Elena could see other people following his gaze. â€Å"I got there right after Bonnie discovered the body. And what I feel is concern for the community. There's a dangerous killer on the streets, and so far nobody's done anything to stop him. And – † He broke off. Elena wasn't sure how, but she felt Caroline had signaled him to do it. Caroline tossed back gleaming auburn hair and recrossed her long legs as Tyler took his seat again. â€Å"Okay, thank you. So most of you were there. That makes it doubly hard. Can we hear from the person who actually found the body? Is Bonnie here?† He looked around. Bonnie raised her hand slowly, then stood. â€Å"Iguess I discovered the body,† she said. â€Å"I mean, I was the first person who knew that he was really dead, and not just faking.† Alaric Saltzman looked slightly startled. â€Å"Not just faking? Did he often fake being dead?† There were titters, and he flashed that boyish smile again. Elena turned and glanced at Stefan, who was frowning. â€Å"No – no,† said Bonnie. â€Å"You see, he was a sacrifice. At the Haunted House. So he was covered with blood anyway, only it was fake blood. And that was partly my fault, because he didn't want to put it on, and I told him he had to do it. He was supposed to be a Bloody Corpse. But he kept saying it was too messy, and it wasn't until Stefan came and argued with him – † She stopped. â€Å"I mean, we talked to him and he finally agreed to do it, and then the Haunted House started. And a little while later I noticed that he wasn't sitting up and scaring the kids like he was supposed to, and I went over and asked him what was wrong. And he didn't answer. He just – he just kept staring at the ceiling. And then I touched him and he – it was terrible. His head just sort offlopped †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Bonnie's voice wavered and gave out. She gulped. Elena was standing up, and so were Stefan and Matt and a few other people. Elena reached over to Bonnie. â€Å"Bonnie, it's okay. Bonnie, don't; it's okay.† â€Å"And blood got all over my hands. There was blood everywhere, so much blood†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She sniffed hysterically. He stood up and paced around the center of the circle, his hands opening and shutting nervously. Bonnie was still sniffling softly. â€Å"I know,† he said, the boyish smile coming back full force. â€Å"I'd like to get our student-teacher relationship off to a good start, away from this whole atmosphere. How about if you all come around to my place this evening, and we can all talk informally? Maybe just get to know each other, maybe talk about what happened. You can even bring a friend if you want. How about it?† There was another thirty seconds or so of staring. Then someone said, â€Å"Your place?† â€Å"Yes†¦ oh, I'm forgetting. Stupid of me. I'm staying at the Ramsey house, on Magnolia Avenue.† He wrote the address on the board. â€Å"The Ramseys are friends of mine, and they loaned me the house while they're on vacation. I come from Charlottesville, and your principal called me Friday to ask me if I could take over here. I jumped at the chance. This is my first real teaching job.† â€Å"Oh, that explains it,† said Elena under her breath. â€Å"Does it?† said Stefan. â€Å"Anyway, what do you think? Is it a plan?† Alaric Saltzman looked around at them. No one had the heart to refuse. There were scattered â€Å"yeses† and â€Å"sures.† â€Å"Great, then it's settled. I'll provide the refreshments, and we'll all get to know each other. Oh, by the way†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He opened a grade book and scanned it. â€Å"In this class, participation makes up half your final grade.† He glanced up and smiled. â€Å"You can go now.† â€Å"The nerve of him,† somebody muttered as Elena went out the door. Bonnie was behind her, but Alaric Saltzman's voice called her back. â€Å"Would the students who shared with us please stay behind for a minute?† Stefan had to leave, too. â€Å"I'd better go check about football practice,† he said. â€Å"It's probably canceled, but I'd better make sure.† Elena was concerned. â€Å"If it's not canceled, do you think you're feeling up to it?† â€Å"I'll be fine,† he said evasively. But she noticed that his face still looked drawn, and he moved as if he were in pain. â€Å"Meet you at your locker,† he said. She nodded. When she got to her locker, she saw Caroline nearby talking to two other girls. Three pairs of eyes followed Elena's every move as she put away her books, but when Elena glanced up, two of them suddenly looked away. Only Caroline remained staring at her, head slightly cocked as she whispered something to the other girls. Elena had had enough. Slamming her locker, she walked straight toward the group. â€Å"Hello, Becky; hello, Sheila,† she said. Then, with heavy emphasis: â€Å"Hello, Caroline.† â€Å"What's going on?† she demanded. â€Å"Going on?† Caroline was obviously enjoying this, trying to draw it out as long as possible. â€Å"Going on with who?† â€Å"With you, Caroline. With everybody. Don't pretend you're not up to something, because I know you are. People have been avoiding me all day as if I had the plague, and you look like you just won the lottery. What have you done?† Caroline's expression of innocent inquiry slipped, and she smiled a feline smile. â€Å"I told you when school started that things were going to be different this year, Elena,† she said. â€Å"I warned you your time on the throne might be running out. But it isn'tmy doing. What's happening is simply natural selection. The law of the jungle.† â€Å"And just whatis happening?† â€Å"Well, let's just say that going out with a murderer can put a cramp in your social life.† Elena's chest tightened as if Caroline had hit her. For a moment, the desire to hit Caroline back was almost irresistible. Then, with the blood pounding in her ears, she said through clenched teeth, â€Å"That isn't true. Stefan hasn't done anything. The police questioned him, and he was cleared.† Caroline shrugged. Her smile now was patronizing. â€Å"Elena, I've known you since kindergarten,† she said, â€Å"so I'll give you some advice for old times' sake: drop Stefan. If you do it right now you might just avoid being a complete social leper. Otherwise you might as well buy yourself a little bell to ring in the street.† Rage held Elena hostage as Caroline turned and walked away, her auburn hair moving like liquid under the lights. Then Elena found her tongue. â€Å"Caroline.† The other girl turned back. â€Å"Are you going to go to that party at the Ramsey house tonight?† â€Å"I suppose so. Why?† â€Å"Because I'll be there. With Stefan. See you in the jungle.† This time Elena was the one to turn away. The dignity of her exit was slightly marred when she saw a slim, shadowed figure at the far end of the hallway. Her step faltered for an instant, but as she drew closer she recognized Stefan. She knew the smile she gave him looked forced, and he glanced back toward the lockers as they walked side by side out of the school. â€Å"So football practice was canceled?† she said. He nodded. â€Å"What was that all about?† he said quietly. â€Å"Nothing. I asked Caroline if she was going to the party tonight.† Elena tilted back her head to look at the gray and dismal sky. She remembered what he had told her in his room. He could see better than a human, and hear better, too. Well enough to catch words spoken down forty feet of corridor? â€Å"Yes,† she said defiantly, still inspecting the clouds. â€Å"And that's what made you so angry?† â€Å"Yes,† she said again, in the same tone. She could feel his eyes on her. â€Å"Elena, that's not true.† â€Å"Well, if you can read my mind, you don't need to ask me questions, do you?† They were facing each other now. Stefan was tense, his mouth set in a grim line. â€Å"You know I wouldn't do that. But I thought you were the one who was so big on honesty in relationships.† â€Å"All right. Caroline was being her usual bitchy self and shooting her mouth off about the murder. So what? Why do you care?† â€Å"Because,† said Stefan simply, brutally, â€Å"she might be right. Not about the murder but about you. About you and me. I should have realized this would happen. It's not just her, is it? I've been sensing hostility and fear all day, but I was too tired to try and analyze it. They think I'm the killer and they're taking it out on you.† â€Å"What they think doesn't matter! They're wrong, and they'll realize that eventually. Then everything will be the way it was again.† A wistful smile tugged at the corner of Stefan's mouth. â€Å"You really believe that, don't you?† He looked away, and his face hardened. â€Å"And what if they don't? What if it only gets worse?† â€Å"What are you saying?† â€Å"It might be better†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Stefan took a deep breath and continued, carefully. â€Å"It might be better if we didn't see each other for a while. If they think we're not together, they'll leave you alone.† She stared at him. â€Å"And you think you could do that? Not see me or talk to me for however long?† â€Å"If it's necessary – yes. We could pretend we've broken up.† His jaw was set. Elena stared another moment. Then she circled him and moved in closer, so close that they were almost touching. He had to look down at her, his eyes only a few inches from her own. â€Å"There is,† she said, â€Å"only one way I'm going to announce to the rest of the school that we've broken up. And that's if you tell me that you don't love me and you don't want to see me. Tell me that, Stefan, right now. Tell me that you don't want to be with me any more.† He'd stopped breathing. He stared down at her, those green eyes striated like a cat's in shades of emerald and malachite and holly green. She never got to finish the sentence. It was cut off as his mouth descended on hers.